社會情緒學習對生活壓力影響機制之探討：以負向壓力因應策略為完全中介

Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying the Impact of Social-Emotional Learning on Life Stress: Negative Stress Coping as a Full Mediator

本研究旨在探討成人社會情緒學習（social-emotional learning,SEL）對生活壓力（lifestress,LS）的影響機制，並進一步驗證負向壓力因應策略（negative stresscoping,NSC）扮演的中介角色。採用橫斷式問卷調查法，以臺灣地區701名18～65歲成年人為研究對象。在資料處理上，運用試題反應理論之Person-fit統計量嚴格篩選有效樣本，並採用結構方程式模型與中介分析檢驗假設。研究結果顯示：一、SEL與NSC呈現顯著負相關，顯示具備較佳社會情緒學習能力的成人，其採用負向壓力因應策略（如反芻、逃避、情緒宣洩）的傾向顯著較低；二、NSC與LS呈現顯著正相關，與生活壓力升高具顯著正相關，為關鍵風險因子；三、NSC在SEL與LS之間扮演「完全中介」角色。具體而言，當納入NSC後，SEL對LS的直接效果未達顯著，顯示SEL對生活壓力的緩解作用，完全透過「減少負向壓力因應策略」這一路徑來實現。本研究結果支持SEL的「減法機制」觀點，即SEL作為一種內在心理資源，其核心價值在於發揮類似大腦前額葉的抑制控制功能，主動阻斷自動化的負向因應迴路。建議未來成人心理健康與壓力管理方案，應從傳統的「增加正向技巧」轉向「覺察並阻斷負向循環」，以達成立即且有效的減壓效果。

This study investigates the mechanisms underlying the influence of Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) on Life Stress (LS) in adults, specifically examining the mediating role of Negative Stress Coping (NSC). A cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 701 adults aged 18 to 65 in Taiwan. To ensure data quality, valid responses were identified using Person-fit statistics based on Item Response Theory (IRT). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and mediation analysis were utilized to test the research hypotheses. The results indicated that: (1) SEL was significantly and negatively correlated with NSC, suggesting that adults with higher levels of SEL demonstrated a lower propensity for negative coping strategies (e.g., rumination, avoidance, and emotional venting); (2) NSC was significantly and positively correlated with LS, confirming that reliance on negative strategies acts as a critical risk factor for elevated life stress; and (3) NSC fully mediated the relationship between SEL and LS. Specifically, after including NSC in the model, the direct effect of SEL on LS became non-significant, demonstrating that the stress-mitigating effect of SEL is achieved entirely through the reduction of negative coping strategies. These findings support the “subtraction mechanism” perspective of SEL. As an internal psychological resource, its core value lies in exerting inhibitory control — analogous to prefrontal cortical processes — to actively interrupt automatic negative coping loops. It is recommended that future adult mental health and stress management interventions shift their focus from the traditional approach of “enhancing positive skills” to “recognizing and interrupting maladaptive cycles” to achieve immediate and effective stress reduction.