拖延、依賴、社會閒散及任務可視性之關聯：以幼保系學生為例

Procrastination, Dependence, Social Loafing and Task Visibility: A Case Study of Early Childhood Care Students

本研究目的在於考驗主動／被動拖延者在依賴型人格及社會閒散現象之差異，以及控制在團體課業分派下，兩者是否因高／低任務可視性而增加社會閒散現象。研究結果為：一、主動拖延者及被動拖延者之兩組模型關係相似；二、主動拖延者比被動拖延者具有較高之壓力偏好、期限因應能力及意圖拖延，較低的依賴型人格，但與被動拖延者具有相似程度之任務反感及失敗恐懼；三、對被動拖延者而言，低任務可視性組會比高任務可視性組產生較高之社會閒散現象。對主動拖延者而言，高任務可視性組則會比低任務可視性組產生較高之社會閒散現象。

The main purpose of this study was to clarify whether passive procrastinators have similar traditional procrastination motives as traditional procrastinators, and evaluated whether active/passive procrastinators increase social loafing due to high/low task visibility under group task assignment. The study participants included 32 active procrastinators and 36 passive procrastinators. Statistical analysis techniques included structural equation model, multi-group analysis, t-test and ANOVA. The results of the study were: 1. The relationship between the two models of procrastinators and passive procrastinators was similar. 2. Active procrastinators had a higher-pressure preference, deadline response ability and intention to delay than passive procrastinators, and a lower dependent personality, but a similar degree of task aversion and fear of failure as passive procrastinators. 3. For passive procrastinators, the low task visibility group produced higher social loafing than the high task visibility group. For procrastinators, the high task visibility group had higher social loafing than the low task visibility group.