國民中小學校長創業家精神的意涵及量表建構

The Meaning and Scale Construction of Primary and Secondary School Principal Entrepreneurship

創業家精神（entrepreneurship）已是各學術研究領域探究的顯學，在快速變化的社會經濟環境下，創業家精神是許多企業和組織成功的關鍵因素，而面對教育市場化的競爭環境，具備主動積極、勇於創新突破及善於運用資源的創業家精神乃成為新時代中小學校長的重要特質。惟國內對校長創業家精神的探究仍屬缺乏，故本研究在校長創業家精神的意涵理念下建構發展國民中小學校長創業家精神量表，冀望能為國內關於校長創業家精神之研究與實踐建立基礎。經由文獻探討、專家效度及統計考驗分析等嚴謹研究過程，研究結論為本國民中小學校長創業家精神量表具有良好的信度及效度，且包含主動積極、創意創新、資源統整及創造價值等四個構面。基於研究結論，本研究提出「校長及教育領導人可參考本國民中小學校長創業家精神量表內容，展現創業家精神」、「國民中小學校長研習進修課程可融入創業家精神之培育」、「未來研究可進一步印證校長創業家精神之實踐成效」等三項建議，以供學校實務及學術研究之參考。

Entrepreneurship has become a prominent subject studied in various academic research fields. In the rapidly changing socio-economic environment, entrepreneurship is a key factor in the success of many enterprises and organizations. In the face of the competitive education environment of education marketization, being proactive, having the courage to innovate and make breakthroughs, and being good at utilizing resources are important characteristics of primary and secondary school principals in the new era. However, domestic research on principal entrepreneurship is still lacking. Therefore, this study constructs and develops a primary and secondary school principal entrepreneurship scale based on the concept of principal entrepreneurship, hoping to contribute to domestic research and practice on principal entrepreneurship. Through rigorous research processes such as literature review, expert validity and statistical test analysis, the research concludes that this principal entrepreneurship scale has good reliability and validity, and the content of the primary and secondary principal entrepreneurship scale can include four aspects: proactivity, creativity and innovation, resource integration and value creation. Based on the research conclusions, this study also proposes that “principals and educational leaders can refer to the content of this research scale to demonstrate entrepreneurship”, “training courses for primary and secondary school principals can be integrated into the cultivation of entrepreneurship”, “future research can further confirm the effectiveness of principal entrepreneurship”.