高心理弹性者情绪唤起反应变化的时间动态特征：行为学证据

Temporal Dynamics of Affective Responding to Affect Arousals in Resilient Individuals： A Behavioral Study

于情绪时间动态视角探索高心理弹性者积极情绪、消极情绪唤起反应变化的特征，可为 心理弹性科学提供情绪过程机制方面的证据。利用成人心理弹性量表（RSA)从232名大学生中筛选实 验被试，有34名高心理弹性者和33名低心理弹性者参加实验。利用积极情绪消极情绪检查表（PA-NAS)、情绪（积极和消极）唤起视频材料和自编情绪自评表，分别测量和比较不同心理弹性被试情绪基 线及积极、消极情绪唤起反应变化进程的时间动态差异。结果发现：与低心理弹性组相比，高心理弹性 者的积极情绪基线水平高，消极情绪基线水平低，情绪平衡度基线高；高心理弹性者对积极情绪、消极 情绪唤起均相对更为敏感，积极情绪唤起后恢复相对较缓，消极情绪唤起后恢复相对较快。提示更多、 更长时的积极情绪唤起获益和更快的消极情绪唤起回复，是更具适应性的个体情绪时间动态特征，这 种特征有助于个体保持高水平的情绪平衡度，利于当事者进行有效的压力/逆境应对。

The present study aims to explore the temporal dynamics of affective responding to positive affect arousals and negative affect arousals among resilient college students in comparison with non-resilient ones. Sixty-seven college students (34 are of high resilience and 33 of low resilience) who participated in the experiments of positive or negative affect arousal were screened out according to the scores of Resilience Scale for Adult (RSA)， Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) ， video clips for affect arousals and self-developed self-rating affect schedule were used to measure and compare baselines of affects， the temporal dynamics of affective responding to affect arousals between the resilient and the non-resilient. The results indicated that high resilient individuals not only had a higher baseline of positive affect and a lower baseline of negative affect than their low resilient counterparts， but also had a higher level of affect balance as well. It was proved that high resilient individuals were of higher sensitivity to both positive and negative affect arousals； they recovered more slowly from effects of positive affective arousals and bounced back quickly from a bottom point when negatively aroused. The results implied that the difference in temporal dynamics of affective responding between high and low resilient individuals was an important intrapersonal factor to differentiate persons of high resilience from those of low resilience.