全球智庫影響力評鑑之運作經驗及其對臺灣的啟示

The Operational Experiences of Global Think Tank Impact Evaluation and Their Implications for Taiwan

隨著時代的變遷與進步，各領域的決策者面臨的情境日趨多元且複雜，遂讓全球智庫百來年出現大幅成長，從二十世紀初僅存在於北美和歐洲的少數機構，至今已發展成為遍及全球的知識產業。受到國際發展趨勢影響，近年來臺灣智庫數量日益增加，以智庫為主題的學術著作也逐漸累積。惟就其內容觀之，仍多停留在對智庫定義的闡釋、智庫類型的介紹、智庫運作的困境，以及智庫如何對政府政策產生影響等。易言之，國內對於何謂智庫影響力？如何評鑑？衍生何種爭議？等議題的著墨仍屬有限。為補足目前國內相關研究成果的不足處，本研究旨在透過國內外文獻資料的蒐集、整理及分析，回應以下議題：一、探究智庫定義與功能的多樣化發展；二、釐清智庫影響力的內涵與影響政策歷程的策略；三、梳理國外智庫影響力評鑑指標的分析結果與實踐情形；四、檢視智庫影響力評鑑帶來的爭議與挑戰：五、以隸屬於我國教育部之官方智庫──國家教育研究院為例，闡明全球智庫影響力評鑑的運作經驗對其帶來的啟示，並提出改進建議。

With the increasing complexity and diversity of contemporary policy environments, the global think-tank sector has undergone remarkable expansion — from a limited number of institutions in early twentieth-century North America and Europe to a worldwide knowledge industry today. Influenced by these international developments, Taiwan has witnessed a growing number of think tanks and related scholarly works. However, most domestic studies remain descriptive, focusing on definitions, typologies, operational challenges, and policy influence, while discussions on the concept, assessment, and controversies of think-tank impact remain insufficient. To address this research gap, this study systematically reviews and analyzes relevant domestic and international literature, aiming to: 1. explore the diversified evolution of think-tank definitions and functions; 2. clarify the meaning and mechanisms of policy influence; 3. examine international evaluation indicators and practices; 4. discuss associated controversies and challenges; and 5. derive implications from evaluation experiences for Taiwan’s National Academy for Educational Research, proposing directions for improvement.