课程标准（教学计划或教学大纲）组成要素的探讨

The Study of Component Elements of Curriculum Standard (Teaching Plan or Syllabus)

世界各国家地区，为了确保基础教育的质量，莫不对于中小学教育内涵及师生作为有一些要求或规范。这些规范的公布周知，经常用了不同名称，例如课程标准、教育法案、教育标准、教学计划、课程计划、教学大纲及课程指引等。经由历史文献内容的分析、比较和推论，我们可以探究课程标准所具有的组成要素。从上世纪中国百年来的课程标准、教学计划、教学大纲及外国的课程标准的内容分析，我们可以发现课程标准所具有的一些组成要素，如目标、科目、时间、科目内容、教材教法、教学及名称等，作者最后提出五项结论供读者参考。

In order to ensure the quality of basic education， all countries in the world issued requirements or norms for the connotation of primary and secondary education， and for teacher-student behaviors. Those norms adopted different names such as educational standards， educational laws， teaching plans， curriculum plans， syllabus and guides of course. Through the analysis， comparison and inference of the contents of historical documents， this study aims to discuss all the component elements of curriculum standard. Through the content analysis of China’s curriculum standards， teaching pan and syllabus and curriculum standards of other countries since the last century， we came to understand the component elements among them， such as objectives， subjects， time， subject-matter， method of teaching， instruction and name. In the end， the author concludes five key points about the component elements in curriculum standard for the reference of the audience.