对近代上海同乡组织兴办移民子弟教育的考察 ─ 移民自组织的视角

A Review on the Establishment of Schools for Migrants’ Offspring by Countryman Organization in Modern Shanghai

近代上海是典型的移民城市。各地移民以地缘为纽带组织了大量的同乡组织。这些同乡组织为满足上海移民子弟的教育需求，兴办了数量众多的同乡子弟学校。这些学校学费低廉，注重办学质量，具有一定的地域特色，为解决移民子弟教育问题作出了很大的贡献。从移民自组织的视角来看，同乡组织在移民社会中兴学设教反映了传统的力量在现代教育发展进程中的作用。

It is well known that modern Shanghai was a typical city of migrants. Migrants from all over the country formed plenty of countryman organizations on the geographic basis. These Organizations set up many schools fro the migrants’ offspring to meet their demand for education. These schools with geographical features are characterized by low tuition fee and put great emphasis on the quality of schooling. They had made great contribution to solving the education problem for the migrants’ offspring. From the perspective of migrants’ self─organization， the establishment of schools by countryman organizations in migrant society indicates that traditional forces play an important role in the development of modern education.