控制与自主──课堂教学的权力品性研究

Control and Autonomy: A Research on Power Attribute of Classroom Instruction

课堂控制与学生自主问题是课堂教学领域中的一大难题，也是课堂教学研究、反思与重建的重要源头，对其研究具有重要的学术价值与实践意义。课堂教学具有鲜明的权力属性，课堂控制与学生自主难题的研究也需要建立一个权力理论分析框架。课堂教学权力系统所具有的肯定与限制、保障与约束等二重性，决定了它是分析和解决课堂控制与学生自主难题的基本维度，也为课堂控制与学生自主的同时实现打开了多种可能性。规范与自由、控制与自主构成了当前课堂教学及其权力系统改革的基本矛盾，而改革的基本思路在于寻求这种矛盾的协调与平衡。

Classroom control and student’s autonomy issue is not only a difficult problem in the field of classroom instruction but also the important fountainhead of the study， reflection and reconstruction of classroom instruction. It is of great academic and practical significance to study the issue. Classroom instruction is characterized by the distinctive power attribute and it is necessary to set up a power theoretical frame to analyze the issue. Such dualities as affirmation and restrictiveness， guarantee and restriction of classroom instructional power system determine that it is not only the basic dimension of analyzing and solving the issue but also opens up many possibilities of realizing classroom control and students’ autonomy. Norm and freedom/control and autonomy is the basic contradiction of the reform of contemporary classroom instruction and its power system. The basic train of thought for the reform is to balance and coordinate the inherent contradiction.