以多層次模式驗證影響樂齡學習中心績效表現觀感之研究   免費試閱

A Study on Performance of Members of Active Aging Learning Centers in Taiwan with Multilevel Modeling

《邁向高齡社會老人教育政策白皮書》清楚揭示辦理老人教育活動應落實執行成效的評估，然現階段對影響樂齡學習中心評估的模式路徑研究卻相對不足。故本研究修正CVIPP模型中願景價值、內部流程及產出結果三大層面指標，來評估影響我國樂齡學習中心績效表現的主要因素為何，再藉由模型的實證研究分析出願景價值觀、管理與規劃、課程參與過程、活動推廣等要素對績效表現所扮演的角色及其實質影響性，並提出具體建議。本研究應用「臺灣地區成人教育機構績效評估CVIPP指標問卷」下之願景價值、內部流程及產出結果三大層面指標，配合樂齡學習中心發展與運作性質改編問卷，實地調查樂齡中心實務工作者與學員，再根據資料結構採用多層次模式分析策略進行假設模型之實證，總計發出單位版1455份，回收後有效問卷892份（有效率61.31%），發出學員版5948份，回收後有效問卷4057份（有效率68.21%），有效機構數221家。研究發現，樂齡學習中心在方案課程的執行與推廣過程中，對於績效表現具影響力且具有脈絡現象；若提升願景價值觀，則方案課程執行與績效表現均具有正向影響力；若提升管理規劃能力，對方案推廣具影響力，但降低方案課程執行的影響力。故研究建議樂齡學習中心經營團隊應具備正向的願景與核心價值觀，在內部制度管理與方案規劃應更具備彈性，更需盡速優先提升課程活動品質，此外，績效表現不佳的樂齡學習中心更應該重視活動資訊的推廣。同時，運用願景價值觀、管理與規劃、課程參與過程、活動推廣等要素，且以學習者參與感知的角度來實證對樂齡學習中心經營績效，這在現有國內樂齡中心的研究文獻甚為少見，故具創新性；而因循資料巢套性的結構採用多層次分析策略來降低推論偏誤，讓研究發現與其建議更為有效正確，故具價值性。顯示本研究不但有研究上的創新性，也能針對當前國內實務現況提供有效的研究成果。

The Education Policy for the Elderly White Paper that was published by the Minister of Education in Taiwan clearly states that when holding educational activities for the elderly, the execution and performance of the activities should be evaluated. However, studies on evaluations and overall performance of active aging learning centers in Taiwan were found to be insufficient. Hence, this study modified the three main indicators of the CVIPP model, including visions and values, internal process and results, to determine the main factors that would impact the performances of active aging learning centers in Taiwan. Also, using the CVIPP model, the roles of factors such as visions and values, management and planning, participating of courses and promotions of activities, etc., and their impact on performance of learning centers were explored. Concrete suggestions were provided based on the findings. This study modified the three main indicators of the questionnaire applied by “The CVIPP Indicators on Adult Education Organizations in Taiwan,” including visions and values, internal process and results. The questionnaire was modified according to the development and operational process of active aging learning centers. Practitioners and members in the centers were asked to fill in the questionnaires, and the data gathered were analyzed with multilevel modeling (MLM) data analysis techniques. A total of 1455 questionnaires for the centers were distributed and 892 of them were completed (return rate of 61.31%). A total of 5948 questionnaires for the members were distributed and 4057 of them were completed (return rate of 68.21%). There were 221 effective AALCs in total. Based on the findings of this study, it was discovered that during the execution and promotion of the courses among active aging learning centers in Taiwan, there were impacts on the performance of the centers. The execution and performance of the centers would be improved if their visions and values were increased. If the abilities of management and planning were improved, the impact on the promotion of courses would increase, but the impact on the execution of the courses would decrease. Therefore, this study suggests that management teams of the active aging learning centers in Taiwan should possess positive visions and core values. Their internal rules of management and course planning should have more flexibility, and the centers should improve the quality of their courses and activities immediately. Also, centers with poor performances should value promotions of their activities much more. Among the literatures reagrding active aging learning centers in Taiwan, findings in this study were considered both rare and innovative since this study not only analyzed the factors of the centers including their visions and values, management and planning, participating of courses and promotions of activities, but also examined the performance of the centers from the perspective of the participating members. Additionally, the findings and suggestions of the study were accurate and valuable since it applied the MLM data analysis techniques to reduce bias of inference. Thus, this study was not only innovative but also able to provide effective results for the current situation in Taiwan.