3D CAD支持中学生创造力 和空间能力发展的实证研究

An Empirical Study of 3D CAD Effects on Developing Spatial Visualization and Creativity for Secondary School Students

空间能力是个体能力发展的重要部分，创造力被认为是从事STEAM领域工作应具备的重要能力。3D CAD已广泛应用于概念原型和创意设计的三维特性的可视化表征。该文结合当前中学的3D打印与创意设计课程 学习，探索性实证分析3D CAD学习与中学生空间能力和创造力发展的关系。研究结果表明：3D CAD学习能增 强空间能力，特别是空间想象力，3D CAD学习中空间能力与创造力之间有正相关关系。3D CAD学习对创造力 表现有积极影响，并且3D CAD学习对空间能力和创造力表现的影响存在性别差异。在当前跨学科、项目引领的 3D CAD支持的STEAM创新能力教育项目建设与实践中，除考虑科学、工程与技术核心概念与准则的教育外， 要重点关注培养学生的空间能力，提升学生的创造力表现；可以将3D CAD融入到学校课程体系实现普及和常态 化，在新一代信息技术支持的跨学科、项目学习引导的创新学习环境中，探索STEAM教育的技术应用创新、教 学模式创新及教学实践创新。

Spatial ability is an important part of individual cognitive abilities. Creativity has been shown to be vital for success in STEAM (Science， Technology， Engineering， Math， Art) and other technological fields. 3D CAD has been widely used in the Threedimensional presentation of concept prototype and Creative Design. Along with samples of students’ work illustrating the progression of Spatial Visualization and Creativity development in school-based course called “3D Printing and Creative Design”， we explore the effects of the learning of 3D CAD on secondary school students’ spatial visualization and creativity. Results of the study suggest: the learning of 3D CAD can enhance spatial abilities， particularly spatial visualization. There exists significant positive correlation between Spatial Visualization and Creativity. Students’ spatial abilities were significantly improved by the learning of 3D CAD， and gender differences affect students’ creative performance and spatial ability. The aims of implementing the project-based learning approach and interdisciplinary program in STEAM fields is not only to teach core concepts and principles of science， engineering and technology， but also to develop student’s spatial abilities and improve students’ creative performance. In order to explore the innovation of technology application， teaching mode and teaching practice with enhanced engagement experiences on the next generation of information technology， we dedicated to integrate 3D CAD into the normal education of schools as well as opportunities for interdisciplinary， project-based learning.