从创新到创业：美国高校创客空间建设模式及启示

From Innovation to Entrepreneurship: Construction Model and Enlightenment on Makespace in American Universities

创客空间是“大众创业、万众创新”时代高校创新创业人才培养的重要载体。该文综合相关文献，系统分析了美国高校创客空间发展现状，归纳了创客空间建设的四种典型模式，包括开放实验室、社区整合、图书馆创建、校企合作等；作为一个开放创新的共享空间，创客空间本质上承载着提供创新创意实现与转化的功能，支撑着高校创客教育和创业教育的展开。国内高校应该结合高等教育发展新诉求，整合内外资源，因地制宜创建高校创客空间，衔接专业教育，开展跨界式的创客教育，支撑创业教育，提供一体化的创客服务。

Maker space is an important carrier for the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents in colleges and universities in the era of “mass entrepreneurship and crowning innovation”. This paper comprehends related literature， analyzes the current situation of the development of maker space in the American colleges and Universities systematically， summarizes the four typical modes of the construction of maker space， including open Labs， community integration， library creation， school-enterprise cooperation， etc. As a shared space of open innovation， maker space essentially carries the function of providing innovative ideas to achieve and transform， supporting the development of maker education and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities. Domestic colleges and universities should be combined with the new demands for the development of higher education， integrates internal and external resources， adjusts measures to local conditions to create maker space in colleges and universities， links up professional education， carries out cross-border maker education， supports entrepreneurship education and provide integrated maker services.