《礼记•乐记》中的乐教思想研究

Yue Educatin Theory of Yue-Ji(乐记）in Ries

上古教民，乐教为本。因乐声变化多、感人深且易，其效最捷。《礼记•乐记》集儒家乐论大成，汲取了汉以前音乐思想的精华。《乐记》由“心物交感”解乐之所由生；声、音、乐三者由微而著，各与情融，与心通，解乐之构成。孔子有言“成于乐”，《乐记》以“和顺积中，而英华发外”将“成于乐”之“成”具体化。《乐记》阐明：敦和之乐与 礼相济，情理交融，涵养人之相亲相敬；敦和之乐以仁为本，将乐的本质与人的仁者之心自然贯通。敦和之乐立于礼、依于仁，则势必达于“诚”，收内尽其性、外与物谐之功。

In prehistoric people’ education，Yue education was the first and foremost. Because the sound of　music is varied and can impress people deeply and easily，its educational function is the biggest. Yue-ji in Rites is the great synthesis oftheConfucianists’ Yue culture in the Pre-HanPeriod. Yue-Ji believed that Yue's composed by the interaction between human and the entire world. Sheng，Yin and Yue are arranged from small to big and each of them conveys people's feelings directly. Confucius said that life s Cheng (achieved) by Yue. Yue-Ji makes a specific image of the Cheng by stating that only when a person or musician has achieved internal harmony to a great extent， can he make beautiful music. According to Yue-Ji，harmonious Yue (music) and Li (etiquette) help each other，so that emotion and reason blend in with each other. They can cultivate people^s mutual affection and respect. Harmonious Yue's based on Ren (perfect virtue) ， and t makes ts nature link up with Ren of human naturally. Harmonious Yue's created on the basis of L i and exists because of Ren and finally reaches the status of Cheng. By doing this， people can fully realize their inner goodness and external harmony with the whole world.