互联网时代教育类APP开发——美国《教育技术开发人员指南》手册解读及启示

The Big Data Driven Educational APP Developing —An Analysis of the U.S. Manual of ED Tech Developer’s Guide and Its Enlightenment

教育类APP的广泛应用对教育教学产生了深远影响。如何利用教育数据开发有效的教育类APP，使其能够解决教育中的实际问题是“数据驱动学校，分析变革教育”的时代下我们所面临的现实问题。该文通过对美国教育部发布的《教育技术开发人员指南》手册的解读，梳理了美国“技术赋能学习”愿景下教育类APP能够带来的教育教学变革，系统介绍了教育类APP开发流程和影响因素，以及教育类APP开发的挑战和建议。借鉴此手册，结合学习分析和教育数据挖掘技术的相关研究，笔者提出互联网时代教育类APP开发，应加强国家和地方对教育类APP开发的数据、资金和法律支撑，关注学生数据安全和隐私，增加家庭的参与和混合式学习方式的支持，嵌入有效的评估机制，实现教育类APP的应用可以有效辅助教师进行教学决策，为学习者创造无缝的学习环境。

The widely application of educational APP have made profound influence on education and teaching. How to develop effective educational APP which can solve practical problems using educational data becomes a realistic problem that we must to face in the ear of data driven school， analysis innovated education. By analyzing the manual named Ed Tech Developer’s Guide of the US Department of Education， the paper has combed education and teaching innovation that the educational APP can bring under the vision for learning powered by technology， and then systematically introduced the educational APP development process and influential factors， as well as challenges and recommendations of the educational APP development. Combining the related research of learning analytics and educational data mining technology， the educational APP development of the internet era should strengthen national and local support from the data， the funding and the legislation， focus on student data security and privacy， increase the participation of family and the support of the blended learning， embed effective assessments， and thus， assisting teachers in teaching decision making and creating a seamless learning environment for learners can be achieved through the application of educational APP.