中学生网络课程设计、开发与实施的实践探索——以《探索职业：航空》为例

A Case Study on the Design Development and Implementation of Online Course for Middle School Students—Taking the Course Exploring Career: Aviation as A Sample

中学生网络课程的实施是当前国内基础教育信息化研究和实践中的薄弱环节。在上海市闵行区教育局和宁波市江东区教育局教育研究与装备中心的支持下，联合东方航空公司上海飞行培训有限公司、“视像中国”远程教育发展中心等部门，学习和借鉴了国内外MOOC设计与实施的有效经验，在2014年秋季学期为四个区域的中学生开设了生涯规划类网络课程《探索职业：航空》。以该课程为对象，该文采用文献研究、开发研究、调查研究和文本分析的方法，总结和分析了中学生网络课程设计、开发与实施中的系列问题。研究发现：课程的完成率为8%，在线学习在项目学校中仍处于边缘状态；中学生在网络学习过程中遇到了网速慢、时间不够、对网络课程平台不熟悉等问题。研究建议：(1)从政策、体制、社会宣传等方面提高对中学生数字化学习的重视程度；(2)提高SME和本地教师的学习支持参与度；(3)探索从单纯的在线学习到与校本课程相融合的多元化混合学习实施模式；(4)针对初中生和高中生的不同特点与需求，采用“梯度差异”的内容设计；(5)利用网络学习平台积累的数据开展学习分析，为学生提供更加个性化的学习指导。

The implementation of online course for middle school students is the weak point of Chinese basic educational informatization. Under the support of the Bureau of Education， Minhang District， Shanghai and the Bureau of Education， Jiangdong District， Ningbo，Zhejiang Province，collaborated with Shanghai Eastern Flight Training Co.LTD， vChina Distance Education Development Center， an online course Exploring Career: Aviation was developed and implemented for middle school students from four district of China during the fall semester in 2014.Data was collected by the method of literature analysis， R&D， survey and text analysis. The conclusions were found that:(1)The completion rate of the online course was 8%，the situation of online course in middle schools was marginalization;(2)The main difficulties faced by the learners were slow speed of Internet， having not enough time， not familiar with learning platform. Suggestions were proposed by the following:(1) Strengthing the awareness of e-learning in middle school by policy making and social propaganda;(2)Engaging Subject Matter Experts and local teachers in the online learning support;(3)Exploring the blended learning model;(4)Distinguishing Junior school students and Senior high school students in the content design;(5)Trying learning analysis based on the learning platform data.