英国高校科研评估的制度改革、效应及其借鉴意义

Ｒeform of UK University Ｒesearch Evaluation System and Its Effects and Implications

英国自20 世纪80 年代开始，至今已经实行了六次大规模的科研评估活动， 2014 年以科研卓越框 架( ＲEF) 替代传统的科研水平评估( ＲAE) 。在逐步改革与创新的历程中，英国高校科研评估制度对高校事业 的发展产生了深远影响，并引起了各国政府和教育界的高度关注。英国科研评估制度对于高校科研经费的优 化配置、科研产出绩效和成果质量的提升以及科研管理水平的改善等方面具有积极的效应; 当然，评估过程的 成本负担、评估结果的公信力争议以及学者研究取向的异化等负面问题也不容忽视。英国在高校科研评估方 面积累的丰富经验、尤其是评估制度中遵循的基本准则和价值取向对我国高校科研评价机制的改革与完善具 有重要参考和借鉴意义。

Since the 1980s，the UK has implemented six large-scale research evaluation activities． It replaced the traditional research assessment exercise ( ＲAE) with the research excellence framework ( ＲEF) in 2014． In the course of gradual reform，research evaluation has had a profound impact on the development of scientific research in higher education，and drawn attention from governments and the educational community alike． Ｒesearch evaluation has contributed to optimal allocation of research funds，and improved research output performance and research management in colleges and universities． At the same time，however，large-scale evaluation has also created unexpected problems，such as high cost，disputable credibility of assessment，and alienation of research orientation． The rich experience that UK has accumulated in research evaluation，in particular the basic norm and value orientation of the evaluation system，has implications for reforming and optimizing the research evaluation mechanism in Chinese universities．