化育—德国教育学的核心概念

Research on the Development and Connotation of the “Bildung” in German Pedagogy

化育是德国教育学最核心的概念，从某种意义上来说，正是“化育”概念的存在才使 德国教育学走上了不同于英美等英语国家教育学发展的路径。“化育”概念最早可追溯到古希 腊，其内涵则深深梠植于德国的传统思想和文化，最终于1770年~1830年间形成相对稳定的 含义，并进入德国教育领域，成为德国教育学中最核心的概念。“化育”的基础是人的内在固有 力量，它主张将人的内在力量最全面、和谐地发展为一个统一整体，而这个实现过程则需要人 与文化的密切接触，通过异化与复归的复杂历程最终得以实现。

“Bildung” is the most core concept in the Didactics and Pedagogy in German. It made the Germany Didactics and Pedagogy different from that for the English speaking countries. Its connotation can be traced back to ancient Greece and is deeply rooted in German tradition and culture，and finally formed relatively stable meaning in 1770-1830， and became the core concept of Germany Didactics and Pedagogy. “Bildung” is the foundation of inherent strength， it advocates the most comprehensive harmonious development of inherent strength， it requires contacting people and culture，and realizes the development through the complex course of alienation and return.