SMCR模式视角下MOOC建设的路径选择

Path Choice for the Development of MOOC under SMCR Model

任何一个教学过程都可以视作一个信息传播过程。SMCR信息传播模式包含了信源(Source)、信息(Message)、通道(Channel)、信宿(Receiver)四个构成要素，提供了分析影响信息传播有效性因素的理论框架。该文在SMCR模式视角下探析MOOC(Massive Open Online Course：大规模开放式在线课程)建设的有效路径。在信源维度——组建优秀的主讲教师团队是MOOC建设的基础，为此需要充分发挥主讲教师作为“信息把关人”的重要作用；要注重提升主讲教师的教育传播素养水平；在信息维度——开发优质的课程内容是MOOC建设的核心，为此需要在“成分与结构”层面保证MOOC教学内容本身构成的精致化，在“符号与处理”层面确保MOOC教学内容表征的精准化；在通道维度——选择适切的技术支持是MOOC建设的重点，需要考虑技术中介MOOC学习者感觉通道的有效性、中介教学活动的有用性与易用性；在信宿维度——促进MOOC学习者主动学习是MOOC建设的关键，为此需要重视MOOC学习者分析，有意识地为MOOC学习者提供必要的学习指导以提升其自身的网络学习能力，同时要加强MOOC师生互动提升学习者的学习投入度。

A teaching and learning process can be regarded as an information communication process. SMCR classifies Source，Message， Channel， and Receiver as the four basic components of a communication system， and provides a fundamental framework forthe analysis of what factors influencing communication efficiency. This paper explores what paths should be chosen for the buildingof MOOC under the perspective of SMCR model. In the Source dimension， the organization of an excellent teacher team is thefoundation for MOOC construction， including highlighting teachers’ roles as “gatekeepers” and improving teachers’ communicationliteracy for MOOC teaching. In the Message dimension， the development of high quality contents is the core for MOOC construction，including content refinement on the content and structure level and perfecting content representation on the code and treatmentlevel. In the Channel dimension， adopting suitable technology support is an indispensible point for MOOC construction， includinghow to mediate MOOC learners’ effective sense channels and how to improve technologies’ perceived usefulness and ease of use insupporting MOOC learning and teaching activities. In the Receiver dimension， how to activate learners for active learning is key pointfor MOOC construction， including recognizing the meaning of MOOC learner analysis， consciously cultivating MOOC Learners’online learning abilities， and promoting teacher-learner interaction to engage MOOC learners.