高校协同创新： 德国的经验及对我国的启示

Collaborative Innovation of Higher Education Institutions: Lessons from Germany

高校、校外科研机构和企业是德国创新体系中的三大主体，三者的创新能力在国际上均获得广泛认可。德国通过给予大学唯一的博士学位授予权、实施“卓越计划”并建立“研究型校园”，不断推进高校、科研机构与企业三个创新主体之间的协同合作。德国的经验对我国有以下启示：改革学位授予政策;成立高校与独立研究机构合作的实体研究机构；出台推进高校与独立研究机构长期稳定合作的专项支持经费；以高校为主体开展校企合作，因地制宜地开展产学研合作。

Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)， independent research institutions， and enterprises are three major components of the innovative system in Germany， whose capability of innovation has been well recognized worldwide. By providing universities with the legitimate right to award doctoral degrees， carrying out Excellence Initiatives， and establishing Research-Campus， Germany has initiated various policies to promote the cooperation among HEIs， research insitutions， and enterprises. This paper suggests reforming the legitimate right of awarding academic degrees， establishing concreate reseach mechanism and entity between HEIs and research insitutions， and providing specific funds to promote the long-term and stable cooperation among HEIs， research insitutions， and enterprises in China.