法治視野下的學術自由權利屬性探討

Exploration on the Attribute of Academic Freedom from the Perspective of Ruling by Law

作為一種法定基本權利的學術自由兼具多種屬性。從獨立與否的標準來看，它是一項相對獨立的法律權利;從國家作用方式來看，它既是一項消極權利，也是一項積極權利;從享有主體來看，既是一項個人性權利，也是一項制度性權利;從權利的邊界來看，它不是一項絕對的自由權利，而是一項相對的自由權利。

As a legal fundamental right， academic freedom possesses all kinds of attributes. From the criterion of independence， academic freedom is a relative independent legal right. From the function of national action， academic freedom is not only a negative right， but also a positive right. From the owned-body， academic freedom is not only and individual right， but also an institutional right. From the boundary of right， academic freedom is not an absolute freedom right， but a relative freedom right.