談德國讓藝術家進入校園的「文化與學校」計畫

The “Culture and School” Program in Germany: Bringing Artists into Schools

本文探討自2006/07學年起，由德國北萊茵—威斯特法倫聯邦（Nordrhein-Westfalen）政府推動的「文化與學校」（Kultur und Schule）計畫。此計畫為一項長期性的聯邦級文化教育支持方案，旨在鼓勵各藝術領域的專業藝術家進駐中小學，與校內教師合作開設課外文化課程，以提升學生對藝術的參與度與創造力。其核心理念在於促進教育平權，使兒童與青少年自小能接觸多元文化與藝術形式。聯邦政府除了提供參與藝術家的教學培訓課程外，亦設立媒合平台與評估機制，以確保教學品質並持續優化。本文首先從歷史與制度背景切入，介紹此計畫的內容與設計流程，並結合筆者實際參與該計畫的經驗，分析其運作模式、具體成效，以及面臨的挑戰與潛在問題。最後，本研究將筆者在德國的經驗與臺灣教育體制中的相關案例做比較，並根據德國模式的優點，提出將此藝術計畫納入臺灣體制內永續教育一環的建議，期能促進美感素養、創造力及文化參與。

This paper explores the“Culture and School”(Kultur und Schule) program initiated in the 2006/2007 academic year by the government of North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen), Germany. As a long-term, state-level cultural education support initiative, the program encourages professional artists from various disciplines to enter primary and secondary schools and collaborate with teachers to offer extracurricular cultural courses, thereby enhancing students’ artistic participation and creativity. Its core objective is to promote educational equity by enabling children and young people to engage with diverse cultural and artistic expressions from an early age. In addition to providing pedagogical training for participating artists, the state government has also established a matching platform and evaluation system to ensure teaching quality and ongoing improvement.This paper first situates the program within its historical and institutional background and describes its content and design process. Drawing on the author’s direct experience participating in the program, it analyzes its operational model, concrete achievements, as well as the challenges and potential issues encountered in practice. Finally, the paper compares the author’s experience in Germany with related cases within Taiwan’s education system and, based on the strengths observed in the German model, offers recommendations for integrating such an arts residency program as a sustainable element of Taiwan’s formal education, aiming to foster aesthetic literacy, creativity, and cultural participation.