透過程式學習程式的時代：ChatGPT對程式教育的革新和挑戰

The Era of Learning Programming With Programs: ChatGPT’s Innovation and Challenges in Programming Education

數位化時代下，高中程式教育的重要性不斷地被凸顯。儘管程式語言相較於其他學科，更為開放且更有彈性，但過去許多協助程式教育的工具和系統只能有限制地協助學生學習程式。前年橫空出世的生成式AI代表作「ChatGPT」展現了令人驚嘆的自然語言處理能力與知識涵量，突破了過去的限制，為程式教育帶來前所未有的巨大增進潛力。事實上，ChatGPT在提供內容、除錯、改進、評估、實作、創造程式方面幾乎都已表現得與真人幾乎無異，而且可以依據初學、熟悉、教師、職業等知識等級的角度給予回應，完整地支持學生進行自主學習。這意味著，我們將進入透過程式學習程式的時代。據此，本文透過實例說明導入ChatGPT對程式教育的革新、可能挑戰及參考策略，期使師生發展運用人工智慧的「智慧」。

In the age of digitalization, the importance of high school programming education is constantly being highlighted. However, programming languages are more open and flexible than other subjects. In the past, many tools and systems that assisted programming education could only help students learn programming in a limited way. ChatGPT, a representative of generative AI that emerged in the past year, has demonstrated amazing natural language processing capabilities and knowledge content, breaking through past limitations and bringing unprecedented potential for programming education. In fact, ChatGPT is almost the same as a real advisor in terms of providing content, debugging, improving, evaluating, implementing, and creating programming projects. It can respond to students from a knowledge level perspective, such as beginner, familiar, teacher, vocational, and so on, to fully support students in their self-regulated learning. This means that we are entering the era of learning programming through programs. Accordingly, this paper illustrates the innovations, possible challenges, and reference strategies of introducing ChatGPT to programming education, so that teachers and students can develop their “wisdom” in utilizing artificial intelligence.