大學多元入學方案實施成效的反思——Bourdieu文化生產理論的觀點

Reflections on the Program of Multi-Opportunities for College Entrance: Bourdieu's Viewpoints of Cultural Production

臺灣實施大學多元入方案已近20年，然而方案改革的聲音始終存在，教育應該追求公平正義、促進階級流動的理想，依舊是許多學者關心的議題。本文首先進行大學多元入方案實施成效與家庭背景、社會階級相關研究的文獻分析，進而探討社會學家布迪厄（Bourdieu）「文化資本」的概念，續以Bourdieu文化生產理論為基礎分別從文化資本、文化與場域、文化與慣習的觀點來探討大學多元入學方案實施所帶來的社會現象，文末就Bourdieu文化生產理論的觀點分別提出對政策面、招生端的大學及提供生源高中雙方後續的啟示。

Taiwan has implemented the Program of Multi-Opportunities for College Entrance for nearly 20 years. However, the voice of program reforms has always existed. Education should bring the ideals of fairness and justice and promote class mobility. This is still a central topic concerned by many scholars. Therefore, the researcher first analyzes the class-related researches by literature review, then further explores the concept of Bourdieu's ''cultural capital''. And the researcher continues to discuss the Program of Multi-Opportunities for College Entrance based on Bourdieu's theoretical point of view, including from the perspectives of cultural production, culture and capital, culture and field, and culture and habitus. At the end of this article, the researcher points out the follow-up enlightenment to the program and the universities that recruit students and the high schools that provide the source of students based on Bourdieu's Viewpoints of cultural production.