教育学究竟是怎么一回事———略议教育学的基本概念

What Exactly is Pedagogy： A Discussion on the Basic Concept of Pedagogy

任何一门基础性质的学科，只有形成本学科的专门概念，并尽可能严格地保持自身的基本概念，进而培植出本学科独立的见识，作为研究范围的核心，才可能在林立的基础学科群中具有独立设置的价值。教育学究竟是怎么一回事？要从教育学基本概念的分辨与澄清入手。当前在我国，原为表述教育学科基本概念的学术用语，如“教育”“教养”“教学”“课程”等，已经随着教育事业的普及而成为日常用语，导致本学科基本概念泛化，从而使教育学中专业理论与非专业陈述混杂。从明了美国教育研究与欧洲大陆教育研究这两类教育学基本概念同异入手，借鉴美国教育学界如何从欧洲大陆教育文化转化为适合美国国情的教育文化，而欧洲大陆教育学界面对美国教育实用化、市场化的优势，如何保持独立的态度，在原有的教育理论传统的基础上加以改进，或许有助于建构适合我国国情的教育学。

A basic discipline cannot obtain the value of independent setting unless it forms its own specialized concept and maintains its basic concept as strictly as possible so as to cultivate the independent knowledge of this discipline as the core of the research scope. What exactly is pedagogy? To answer this question， we should begin from recognizing and clarifying the basic concepts of pedagogy. Currently in our country， the academic terms that were used to describe the basic concepts of educational disciplines， such as “education”，“cultivation”，“teaching” and “curriculum”，have become commonwords in daily life along with the popularization of education， leading to the generalization of the basic concepts of this discipline. This causes the mixture of professional and non-professional statements in the discipline of pedagogy. Starting from the two basic concepts of pedagogy in American education research and continental European education research，the author considers t may be helpful in establishing pedagogy that suits our national conditions by drawing lessons from how American education circles have transformed from continental European educational cultures to educational cultures that sutt the national conditions of the United States， and how continental European education has maintained an independent attitude and how t can be improved on the basis of the original tradition of educational theory in the face of practical applications of A- merican education and the education marketization.