美国大学学术绩效的外部治理———以政府的“权力依据”为研究线索

External Governance of Academic Performance in American Universities: Taking "the Legal Basis for Governmental Power" as Research Clues

In the United States， the federal government's involvement in the academic performance of university is mainly reflected in its intervention， regulation and influence on university's educational performance according to its ＂spending power＂ and on university's research performance according to its ＂power of intellectual property protection＂. The state governments' involvement in the academic performance of university is mainly reflected in the implementation of the ＂state government accountability system＂ in public universities and the ＂permission monitoring＂ in private universities. Both of them undertake the external governance of university's academic performance legally and actively according to their own powers， and their respective primary responsibilities play an irreplaceable role in ensuring the quality of higher education and enhancing the publicity of universities. It is concluded that important clues about the general scope and methods of the external governance of academic performance in American universities may be found from the legal basis for power of governance bodies. As the external governance subjects of academic performance， there are both similarities and differences between the federal government and the state government. In its endeavor to build a powerful nation in higher education and ＂double-first-class universities＂， the Chinese government may reasonably learn from the American government's thoughts and methods on the governance of university academic performance based on the national conditions and higher education system of China.