中小学校长胜任特征的元分析研究

A Meta-analysis of Principals’Competences

基于构建中小学校长胜任力通用模型的目的，本文全面回顾了最近10 年我国学者的研究 文献，包括学位论文8 篇，期刊论文6 篇，样本总量2998 人，胜任特征224 项。通过元分析的方法，初步 构建了一个包含9 项胜任特征的中小学校长胜任力通用模型。频次分析发现，领导力是中小学校长最 为重要的胜任特征，其次是培养他人和创新性，自我控制和人际敏感并列第三位，问题分析、影响力、关 系建立和沟通并列第四位。本研究结果一方面整合了目前相对比较散乱的中小学校长胜任力研究成 果，另一方面可以为开展标准化的中小学校长胜任力培训提供实证依据。

Based on the purpose of constructing a general model of principals’competences，this article presents a review of the literature in the past ten years，including eight dissertations and six articles，with a sample of 2998 principals and 224 items of competences． Through a meta-analysis，we construct a general model of principals’competency involving nine items of competences． Frequency analysis shows that among all the competencies，leadership is the most important competence，the second in importance are training others and creativity; the third are self-control and interpersonal sensitivity，and the fourth are problem analysis， influence，relationship building and communication． On the one hand，the findings of this study integrate the relatively scattered outcomes about principals’competency research; on the other hand，they can provide empirical evidence for standardized competency training for principals in primary and secondary schools．