普罗克鲁斯特斯之床——教育公平政策中的哲学问题、基础问题和实践问题

The Bed of Procrustes ： Philosophical，Principal and Practical Questions for Policies of Equity in Education

本文呈现了在实现教育公平过程中的一些哲学问题和基础问题。亚里士多德和卢梭强调了在实现社会公正的过程中，培养正义公民的教育在其中的重要作用；托马斯•霍布 斯则强调了强有力的政府和政策设计的重要性。现代自由主义者和平等主义者进一步讨论了在实现教育公平过程中出现的各种复杂困境。本文讨论了经合组织提供给政策制定者关于公平教育的建议，并期望基于教育研究所取得的实用性的结果和目标，在教育公平的哲学问题和 基础问题中寻求平衡。

This article presents philosophical questions and principals dealing with equity in education. Aristotle and Rousseau argue of the importance of an education bringing up the equitable man in achieving fairness in society. Thomas Hobbes argues on the other side of the importance of strong governance and policy design. The modem ideologies of liberalism and egalitarianism further present complex dilemmas dealing with equity in education. The article discusses OECDs advice to policymakers on how to achieve greater equity in education，and attempts to balance principal and philosophical questions of justice with pragmatic result and goals from education and educational research.