经济学视角下的国际学生学业差距分析

The Economics of International Differences in Student Achievement

在国际范围内,最有影响力的学业成就测试项目主要由IEA和OECD两大组织举办,截至2007年共有96个国家参加过该类测试,在世界范围内产生了广泛影响。利用此类数据进行跨国比较研究成为教育经济学的最新热点,以汉纳谢克为代表的学者对此进行了持续探索。国际数据分析表明,与资源投入、学校制度等因素相比,教师质量对学生学业成就的影响更加重要。不仅如此,学业成就对于一国宏观经济增长具有巨大的促进,如果正确而适时地推动教育改革,一国经济将呈现稳定的增长态势。因此,对于中国来说,促进基础教育优质均衡发展是整个社会平稳发展的重要保障。

Internationally,the most influential achievement tests are mainly organized by IEA and OECD.Till 2007,a total number of 96countries ever participated in these tests,attracting worldwide attentions. Doing comparative research with these data has become a hot spot in the field of economics of education, and scholars like Hanushek have conducted many related studies.International data suggest that compared with factors like resource investment and school institution,teacher quality is much more important for student achievement.Besides,student achievement plays an important role in facilitating economic growth of a country.If reasonable education reform can be implemented in a proper time,a country would achieve a stable growth.Therefore,a balanced development of high-quality basic education will guarantee a stable social development in China.