加拿大高等教育国际化政策面临的三个挑战

Three Major Challenges Facing the Internationalization of Canadian Higher Education System

国际化在加拿大高等教育政策中至今未能受到高度重视，原因有三：一是20 世纪60 到70 年代政府主张大学更多地关注有关本土的经验；二是加拿大的联邦政治架构致使教育、外交和国际贸易相互分离，各级政府难以合作推进国际化；三是由于历史原因人们担忧国际化会削弱大学满足本国公民入学需求的能力。改变现状的关键在于，加拿大政府应该把国际化视作一项重要的国内事务。

There are three major reasons why internationalization has not placed a large role in Canadian higher education policy to date. The first is that in the 1960s and 1970s a number of major reports argued that Canadian universities should devote more attention to teaching about Canada and ensure that there was strong research focusing on the Canadian experience. This Canadianization movement meant that the emphasis within government was on the study of Canada in the world, rather than internationalization. The second is that Canada' s federal political structure separates education, and this structural arrangement makes it difficult for governments to coordinate internationalization initiatives. Finally, there have been historical concerns that international initiatives would displace or take away from the ability of universities to serve the needs of the Canadian population. The author concludes that Canadian governments must view internationalization as an issue of domestic importance.