伊比利美洲政策框架下西班牙之學術外交：西班牙與拉丁美洲在高等教育國際學術合作領域之實踐和評析

Academic Diplomacy Under the Framework of Spanish IberoAmerican Policy: Implementation of Spain and Latin-America in International Academic Cooperation of Higher Education

囿於知識經濟與國家發展的連結，高等教育被賦予國際合作的職能，成為國際關係發展的重要橋梁。西班牙在伊比利美洲政策引領下，發揮學術外交的動能，在高等教育及科研領域等相關範疇上，致力促進國際學術合作與人才交流，藉以協力培育高階人才，增加在知識經濟世代中競爭的籌碼。本研究採文件分析法，旨在解析西班牙於伊比利美洲政策框架下推動高等教育國際學術合作領域之相關策略與作為。研究發現包括：一、西班牙與拉美國家在伊比利美洲框架下之國際高等教育學術合作交往，主要以發展援助並具外交策略意涵為主軸，著重研究生尤其是博士生的培育及研究團隊的組成，藉以強化拉美地區國家大學的師資品質及科研能力，且拉美大學品質評鑑及認可機制亟待建置；二、不同類型組織各循途徑致力學術合作，但有效整合各式資源的協作平台亟待建置；三、企業界實質挹注學術外交志業的推動，惟商業、政治與學術之連結宜堅守其平衡點；四、西班牙大學亦須持續提升自身的國際學術聲譽，以利在合作經費日益減少的情況下，依舊能吸引拉美國家進行學術合作。

Spain’s relationship to Latin America plays a fundamental role for the internationalization of higher education, usually through international academic cooperation, within a framework of multilateral modes. There are a series of networks and organizations which act as the main support mechanisms for Ibero-American collaboration in higher education. This paper seeks to answer the question of how Spain uses higher education capacities to increase its soft power. The purpose and meaning of this research lay in the analysis of the characteristics and types of university cooperation in the Ibero-American context, from the perspective of the internationalization of Spanish universities, focusing on the relevant discussions and problems of such regional policies and the role of State, corporate and academic community in promoting international academic cooperation. This paper, by means of the examination of related bibliographies, attempts to analyze the planning and application of the above-mentioned topics.