读经论争的百年回眸

Centurial Retrospective of the Controversy on Reading Classics

读经问题是民国初年废除读经之后围绕恢复读经和反对读经而产生的一系列论争，是我国教育现代化过程中抛给世人的一个世纪难题。百年来，关于读经的争议主要经历了四次：第一次发生在民国初年，主要围绕着袁世凯、康有为等复古尊孔和以陈独秀为代表的新文化运动者反复古斗争展开；第二次是20世纪20年代在东西文化反思过程中出现的，以1925年章士钊“读经救国”论和鲁迅的批判为标志；第三次发生在20世纪30年代抗战前夕，高潮为《教育杂志》1935年“读经专号”中关于读经的大讨论；第四次肇始于20世纪90年代，至今尚未结束。读经的论争还会继续，解决读经论争的最好态度是抱有开放心态，认清潮流，允许实践。

The issue of Reading Classics was a series of controversies on the pros and cons caused by the abolishment of Reading Classics in early Republican era, which is also a century-old problem in the process of Chinese education modernization. For centuries, the main controversy on Reading Classics experienced four times. The first occurred in the early Republican era, mainly between Yuan Shikai, Kang Youwei, the representative of restoring ancient ways and respecting Confucian and Chen Tusiu, the representative of New Culture Movement. The second occurred in 1920s in the reflection of Eastern and Western cultures, which was represented by Zhang Shizhao’s “Reading Classics to Save Nation” theory and Lu Xun’s criticism in 1925. The third occurred in the 1930s, eve of the anti-Japan war, the climax of which was a big discussion on Reading Classics in the special issue of Education Magazine in 1935. The fourth began in the 1990s, and has not ended yet. The controversy will continue, and the best solution is to bear an open-minded attitude, recognize the trends clearly and allow the practice.