國民小學校長分佈式領導、教師組織公民行為對學生學習表現影響之研究

A Study on the Impact of Elementary School Principals' Distributed Leadership and Teachers' Organizational Citizenship Behaviors on the Students' Learning Achievement

賦權授能的校長領導行為、教師主動自發的工作成效是影響學生學習表現的重要因素。本研究旨在了解國民小學校長分佈式領導、教師組織公民行為與學生學習表現的現況，探討校長分佈式領導、教師組織公民行為對學生學習表現的影響。研究方法採用文獻分析與問卷調查法，研究對象為新竹市、新竹縣、苗栗縣國民小學教育人員，共發出1011份問卷，回收率69%，有效樣本共698份。本研究使用結構方程模式加以驗證分佈式領導、教師組織公民行為與學生學習表現的線性關係，結果顯示具有良好適配度與參數估計。本研究建議學校校長宜採行分佈式領導以利教師組織公民行為，進而提昇學生學習表現。

The principals' empowerment leadership and the teachers' voluntary effectiveness are both significant factors in the learning achievements of students. This study investigates the current status of principals' distributed leadership, teachers' organizational citizenship behavior, and students' learning achievements in elementary schools. The impact of principals' distributed leadership and teachers' organizational citizenship behaviors on the students' learning achievements in elementary schools are also explored. The research methods include literature review and a questionnaire survey. The survey participants are elementary school educators from Hsinchu City, Hsinchu County, and Miaoli County. A total of 1,011 questionnaires were handed out, of which 698 were valid, with an availability rate of 69 %. The study used structural equation modeling to verify the linear relationship of the principals' distributed leadership, teachers' organizational citizenship behavior, and students' learning achievements. The results indicate a high degree fit with the parameter estimates. The study suggests that school principals should adopt a distributed leadership approach to facilitate teachers' organizational citizenship behaviors for improving the learning achievements of students.