从干预主义到管制治理：高校去行政化的制度逻辑

From the Interventionism to the Regulatory Governance: The Institutional Logic of De-bureaucratization of Universities

高校去行政化的核心问题是如何正确处理政府与高校的关系。高校行政化的宏观制度表现为一种干预主义，标志是政府和高校之间形成了“行政文化”，以及高校实质性办学自主权受到干预。解除管制是在新自由主义、新公共管理理念下对政府干预主义的一种回应，但不是解决行政化的正确选择。高校去行政化改革的制度选择是要建立一种管制治理模式，正确区分政府与高校各自的责任和义务，并通过契约管理、增强管制透明度和政策回应性等对政府干预行为进行限制，对市场力量进行引导，对高校行为进行约束。从干预主义到管制治理的改革需要遵循一定的原则稳步推进。

The core issue of de-bureaucratization of universities is how to handle the relationship between government and university. The macro-institutional bureaucratization of universities is represented by a kind of interventionism, marked by the“bureaucratic culture”formed between governments and universities and the intervention in the autonomy of running universities. De-regulation is a response to government intervention under the idea of new public governance, but it is not a correct choice to the solution of de-bureaucratization of universities. The institutional choice of de- bureaucratization of universities is to establish a regulatory governance model, clearly differentiating the duties and obligations of governments and universities, restricting government intervention by managing contracts, increasing the transparency and the feedback of policies, guiding the market and restricting behaviors of universities. The transformation from intervention to regulatory governance should be facilitated steadily by following certain principles.