关于教育投资选择的收益模型分析

Analysis of the Return Model of Educational Investment Decision

在构建的教育投资收益一成本函数模型中，投资成本分为直接成本、机会成本和心理成本，投资收益分为经济收益和非经济收益，将心理成本和非经济收益转化为经济价值形式进入模型分析过程。教育效率、工资水平和就业概率等因素直接影响教育投资收益，而受教育者的天赋、当前人力资本水平、家庭和国家教育投资水平等对教育效率具有正向效应。通过比较物质资本收益率、家庭教育投资收益率和国家教育投资收益率，从短期和长期角度，对家庭、国家教育投资决策及其均衡状况进行探讨，可以看出深化教育投资需要健全教育环境、完善劳动市场、注重个体天赋和以经济社会可持续发展为目标。

In the cost-return function model of education investment built in this study, investment costs include direct cost, opportunity cost and mental cost; and investment return consists of economic benefits and non-economic gains. The study transformed mental cost and non-economic gains into values and incorporated them in the model. The results show that education efficiency, wage level and employment rate affected education return directly, and the students' talent, current human capital level, family and government education investment level had positive effect on education return. The study also explores the education investment decision and equilibrium of family and government through comparing the return rates of physical capital, family education investment and government education investment, from the short-term and long-term perspective. It is suggested that deepening education investment requires improving education environment and labor market, attaching importance to individual talent and aiming at economic and social sustainable development.