近代中国普通中学文理科分合的文化探析

A Cultural Study on the Merge and Division of Arts and Science Subjects in High Schools in Modern China

文理科分合问题是我国普通中学课程改革理论与实践中的基本问题之一，对这一问题的回答离不开对其历史进行考察。鉴于近代社会在中国历史发展中的特殊意义，以及课程与文化的密切关系，在近代社会背景中，从文化的角度考察文理科分合的影响因素既显得必要，又具有可能。基于课程、文化、人的分析框架，通过考察近代文理科分合的基本历程，探讨影响文理科分合的文化因素，指出本土文化和外来文化、传统文化和现代文化对于文理科分合的不同影响，课程改革应该在中国传统文化与西方现代文化之间保持必要的张力。

The merge and division of arts and science subjects in high schools is one of the basic issues in theory and practice of China's curriculum reform, which can hardly be addressed without the investigation of its history. Given the particular significance of modern society in China's historical development and the close relationship of curriculum and culture, it is necessary and possible to investigate the factors that influenced the merge and division of arts and science subjects from a cultural perspective. Based on the analysis framework of curriculum, culture and person, through investing the basic course of the division of arts and science subjects in modern society, the study discusses the cultural factors that influenced the merge and division of arts and science subjects. It points out that indigenous culture, exotic culture, traditional culture and modern culture played different roles in the merge and division of arts and science subjects. It holds that that the curriculum reform should keep the necessary tension between the Chinese traditional culture and modern western culture.