高等教育对美国大学生就业的影响

Impact of College Education on Graduates' Employment and Earnings in U.S

本研究将大学教育的经济回报分析扩展到毕业后十年，进一步考察了大学教育对于学生毕业后第一个十年内失业可能性的影响。本研究还验证了大学质量对毕业生收入有积极影响，同时不同本科专业之间存在巨大差异。然而，这两个主要因素对毕业生失业可能性的影响却截然不同：一方面，高质量私立大学的毕业生虽然在各类型高校的毕业生中享有最高的平均收入，但其失业的可能性也最大；另一方面，较其它专业毕业生而言，就读于高需求专业如商学、医学等的毕业生，其失业可能性也较低。

This study extends the analysis of the economic return of college education up to 10 years after college education and further examines the impact of college education on the odds of unemployment during first 10 years after college graduation. College quality and majors are two main factors that influence graduates' earnings. Our results continue to confirm the positive impact of college quality on graduates' earnings and large dispersion among different college majors. However, the impact of these two main factors on the odds of unemployment takes two distinct paths. College graduates from high-quality private institutions, while enjoying the highest earnings premium among all institutional types, are also more likely to be unemployed. College graduates from highly-paid majors such as Business and Health also enjoy lower odds of unemployment.