大学教育与劳动力市场的适切性－基于日欧毕业生调查的实证分析

Graduate Survey on the Relevance of University Education to Labour Market in Japan and European Countries: Connection between Age Profile and Pedagogical Approach

本研究以日本和欧洲共同实施的两个大学毕业生调查为基础，探讨日本的劳动力市场和大学教育的适切性。调查结果表明：第一，在日本和欧洲，职业取向的教育是促进大学教育与劳动力市场适切性的重要因素；第二，在社会经验欠缺的青年学生占主体的日本劳动力市场中，大学教育存在迟效性；第三，知识技能注入型并非日本特有的教学模式，在同样以适龄学生为主体的欧洲部分国家中这种教学模式同样具有适用性。随着高等教育普及化以及学习者特质的多元化和复杂化，需要对学生特质、教学方式、环境三者关系开展理论性探讨。

This paper focused the relevance of university education to youth graduate labour market in Japan by analyzing two comparative survey's data in Europe and Japan. First, work experiences related to specialties of university majors and other vocationally oriented education are found commonly important in all countries. Secondly, under the Japanese context of students' profile of young age and less social experience, the deferred effects of university education along with initial vocational career experiences are found important. Thirdly, a pedagogical mode favouring young students is not necessary an unique Japanese approach, also commonly relevant in the environments dominated by young students in European countries. Development of universalisation between diversified environments and learners will bring theoretical challenges to investigate aptitude-treatment-environment interactions.