音樂治療個案研究：兩位國小一年級特殊生參與「自由即興治療」之歷程

A Case Study in Music Therapy: The Process of Participation of Two 1st-Grade Students with Special Needs in “Free Improvisation Therapy”

本研究以單一個案研究的方式，深入探究兩位國小一年級特殊生參與「自由即興治療」之歷程。音樂治療的執行過程依循「問題界定」、「資料蒐集」、「分析與診斷」、「治療策略的實施」、「效果評估」五個步驟，將之環環相扣，進行來回檢核修正直至治療的效果達成為止。本研究首先以兩個月的時間進行治療前的準備，完成個案的篩選、音樂治療實作評量、目標和策略的擬定。正式治療的執行分三階段進行，每週一次、單次50 分鐘，共完成十五節次；兩位個案在階段一及階段二分別完成八節次的個別音樂治療，於階段三以雙人音樂治療的形式共同參與了七節次的治療。資料來源以參與觀察和個案會議討論為主，同時輔以訪談及文件分析進行驗證。本研究記述個案參與「自由即興治療」的過程，同時針對音樂治療執行的問題進行檢討，並就一位音樂治療師的角色提出治療的觀點與建議。

The purpose of this study was to explore the participation of two 1st-grade students with special needs in “Free Improvisation Therapy.” A single-case study was employed. The therapy was carried out through a repeated five-step program: defining issues, collecting materials, analyzing and diagnosing, implementing strategies, and evaluating the outcomes. The preparation for music therapy included case identification, music therapy assessment, goals, objectives and strategy design. The “Free Improvisation Therapy” sessions were divided into two stages: stage one included 8 individual sessions and stage two included 7 dyad sessions. A total of 15 sessions were implemented; the sessions were held once one week for 50 minutes. The research process was recorded and narrated. The problems of implementation were also discussed. As a music therapist, I contributed my point of view and suggestions to anyone who might also be interested in music therapy.