「自閉症光譜量表」─Autism-spectrum Quotient 中文成人版之預測效度及相關因素

Screening Adults for Asperger Syndrome and High-Functioning Autism by Using the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) (Mandarin Version)

本研究的主要目的在探討成人版「自閉症光譜量表」（Autism-spectrum Quotient，簡稱AQ）篩檢亞斯伯格症及高功能自閉症成人的預測效度，以及相關因素的分析。研究對象包括亞斯伯格症及高功能自閉症組、數理資優生組、一般人組，以及就讀文學院和理學院的大學生組等共5 組，以自我評量的方式填寫16 歲以上適用的成人版「自閉症光譜量表」後，研究者進行各組間、性別，以及切截分數的區別分析。研究的結果顯示：一、除了一般人組與文學院大學生這兩組彼此沒有顯著差異之外，其餘各組AQ 得分皆有顯著差異，其中又以亞斯伯格症及高功能自閉症組得分最高，數理資優生組次之，理學院大學生組再次之。二、各組別中男性與女性的量表得分，僅有理學院大學生組顯示男女性的差異達顯著水準，但解釋力並不大，女性得分高於男性得分。三、研究者建議設定量表的切截分數為30，若得分高於30，且在社會適應上出現困難者可能需要更進一步地尋求諮商。本文並討論研究結果對亞斯伯格症在「障礙」觀點上可能具有的意義，提供學者作為參考。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of the Mandarin version of the Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ), which is used to screen adults for Asperger Syndrome and high-functioning autism, and to discuss related factors. Five groups of participants were included: (1) adults with Asperger Syndrome and high functioning autism; (2) medical school students who attended accelerated classes in high school, or adults who participated in the International Mathematical Olympiad; (3) randomly selected adults for the control group; (4) students of the College of Humanities of National Kaohsiung Normal University; and (5) students of the College of Science of National Kaohsiung Normal University. The results showed that 83.9% of the participants in group 1 scored 30+, vs. 1% of the control group. Participants in group 2 scored significantly higher than group 5, while participants in group 5 scored significantly higher than group 3 and 4. There were no significant gender differences in the AQ scores, except in group consisting of students in the college of science: in this group the females scored significantly higher than the males. The concept of the autism continuum in relation to Asperger Syndrome is discussed.