高等教育绩效评价的缘起及功能

The Origin and Functions of Performance Evaluation in Higher Education

20世纪70年代以来，西方发达国家为摆脱财政危机和公共管理信任危机，普遍开展了“新公共管理运动”，其核心内容之一是将绩效评估应用到政府管理之中。受其影响，美国高等教育领域也引入了绩效评价机制，并在强化高校责任、提高高校效率、优化资源配置、建设透明高校、推进高校改革等方面取得了一定成效。此后，高等教育绩效评价逐渐扩展到其它国家，有效地推动了各国高等教育的改革与发展。

Since 1970s, developed countries have widely launched the New Public Management movement in a bid to tackle fiscal crisis and trust crisis. The core value of the movement lies in the application of performance evaluation in public administration. Inspired by this movement, the United States took the lead in the application of performance evaluation in higher education, followed by other western countries. The performance evaluation in higher education has played an important role in the reform and development of higher education in these countries, by highlighting responsibility, improving efficiency, optimizing resources allocation, enhancing accountability and promoting reform.