文化素質教育與通識教育關係的再認識

Reconsideration of the Relationship of Culture Quality Education and General Education

目前，大學生文化素質教育與通識教育在中國高等學校同時展開，兩者是否一致？有什麼差別？應當如何對待？本文在對這兩種教育進行歷史回顧的基礎上，對這些問題提出了自己的看法。作者認為，從”名正言順”的角度，在高等學校本專科教育的整體層面上，無論在教育理念、模式和內容上，”通識教育”的名稱都是不合適的。而文化素質教育則是統貫本科教育的全過程的，它既是一種新的教育思想觀念，也可以成為一種教育模式，具有可操作的運行方式。但是，作為高等學校本專科教育的一部份或一個階段，通識教育從理念、模式和內容上都是有意義的，其目標是為了培養負責任的公民和有教養的人。這與文化素質教育是相通的。通識教育可以作為文化素質教育的一種實施方式，與養成教育共同構築起文化素質教育的實施方式。作者提出了包含通識教育的文化素質教育架構圖，並對不同類型高校提出了多樣化的通識教育文化素質教育的實施意見。

Currently， culture quality education and general education are both carried out in Chinese higher education institutions. Are they the same? What are the differences and how would they be treated? Based on a historical review of these two sorts of education， this paper comes up with some personal opinions. It is argued that from the perspective of undergraduate or vocational education as a whole， “general education” is applicable to neither the ideas， nor the models and contents of education. On contrast， culture quality education runs through the whole process of undergraduate education. it is not only a new concept of education， but also a model with exercisable mode of operation. However， as a part or a step of undergraduate or vocational education， general education is meaningful in its ideas， models and contents. The goal of general education is to cultivate responsible citizens and educated people， which is interrelated with culture quality education. Together with formative education， general education could be an implement method of culture quality education. the author proposes a framework of culture quality education including general education， and offers some suggestions on diversity of general education and culture quality education in different types of higher education institutions.