塔爾科特‧帕森斯論“教育革命”

Talcott Parsons on Educational Revolution

帕森斯認為，在西方現代性展開的過程中，經濟、政治以及教育領域發生的三次革命性變革起到了關鍵性的推動作用，促成了現代人類境況的基本形成。主要發生在美國的“教育革命”對於美國社會產生了廣泛而深遠的影響，這種革命性的結構變革使美國大學成為美國社會結構中的核心部分之一，它與美國社會在基本的價值及結構模式方面都具有同構性；美國的現代職業結構、公民權的發展也深受這種變革的影響；而高等教育的普及使得“學生期”社會化成為一個重要的社會問題，並最終演變為1960年代學生運動的主要原因之一。

In the process of modernization in the West， the revolutionary changes in economic， political and educational fields have played key roles in the formation of modern human situation. The educational revolution， which occurred mainly in the United States， has had a wide-ranging and far-reaching impact on American society. American university has become an important part of social structure. The American modern occupational structure and the development of citizenship have been deeply affected by the transform. With the popularization of higher education， the socialization of “studentry” has turned into a serious social problem， which eventually became one of the main reasons for the American student movement in the 1960s.