美國、英國、澳大利亞的高等教育國際化

Internationalization of Higher Education in the U.S., U.K., and Australia

本文研究美國、英國和澳大利亞的高等教育國際化。通過採用一個共同的分析框架，分析這三個發達國家高等教育系統的國際化背景、國際化戰略、政府和專業機構的國際化角色以及國際化的評估，並對個別研究型大學進行個案研究，已說明國際化是如何在大學內落實的。結果說明高等教育學國際化是受大學外部的全球化、科技和競爭等因素推動以及大學內部的文化和組織等因素影響。這三個國家的高等教育國際化在歷史背景、廣泛戰略和評估方面有相同的經驗，但在地區政治、傳統和政府的角色方面有明顯的不同。

This is a study of the internationalization of higher education in the United States， the United Kingdom， and Australia. Using a common conceptual framework， the study explains the historical context， strategies， the role of government and professional organizations， as well as the evaluation of the internationalization of the higher-education system in each of these three advanced industrialized countries. It also explains how internationalization is implemented at the institutional level by presenting case studies of selected research universities. The study finds that higher-education internationalization is driven by globalization， technological change， and competition factors external to the institution and is further shaped by cultural and organizational factors internal to the institution. The three countries share similar internationalization experiences in terms of the larger historical context， broad categories of strategies， and issues of evaluation; however they also differ significantly in terms of geographical politics and tradition， and the role of the government.