社会支配倾向研究述评

A Review of Researches of Social Dominance Orientation

社会支配倾向是社会支配理论中的一个概念，它反映了个体期望内群体优于和支配外群体的程度。高社会支配倾向者偏好加大不同群体间的阶层差异，并期望优势群体更多地支配劣势群体；低社会支配倾向者偏好缩小不同群体间的阶层差异以增加社会平等，并期望优势群体更少地支配劣势群体。因此，社会支配倾向会影响社会不平等的程度，并可以被用来解释偏见的形成。性别和群体地位等情境因素会对社会支配倾向产生影响，而且社会支配倾向与个体间的支配也是有关系的。

Social dominance orientation was a concept from social dominance theory， reflecting the extent to which one desires that one’s in─group dominate and be superior to outgroups. Persons who had high level of social dominance orientation preferred enhancing hierarchy， and desired that “inferior’ groups should be more dominated by “superior” groups， while persons who had low level of social dominance orientation preferred attenuating hierarchy， and desired that “inferior” groups wouldn’t be dominated by “superior” groups. As a result， Social dominance orientation could influence social equality， and explain the prejudice. The level of social dominance orientation was influenced by gender and group status. Social dominance orientation correlated to interpersonal dominance.