贫困与反贫困：心理学的研究

Poverty and Anti─poverty：Psychologic Approaches

局部繁荣下的贫困问题已成为当今世界面临的最大挑战，理解贫困以及与贫困有关的心理模型和决策过程、并促进人类的幸福与公正，是心理学家的一项重要使命。文章旨在阐明心理学在理解贫困和减贫工作中的角色，并对贫困心理学的研究思路、贫困归因的测量方法及其影响因素作一介绍。最后，在总结成就与问题的基础上，建议未来的贫困心理学应对特殊的目标群体做更多关注，并发展更可靠的测量方法，挖掘更多影响贫困心理的人格、社会因素。

Poverty amid plenty is the world’s greatest challenge ， so an important mission of psychologists is to understand poverty with corresponding mental models and decision─making， and to improve happiness and justice of human beings. The present article illuminated the role of psychology in understanding and addressing poverty， and introduced approaches of poverty psychology， including research design， measurement and other relevant factors. The authors also suggested that， special target groups， more reliable measurement and sociogenic and personalistic factors should be concerned in the future directions of poverty psychology， based on a summary of achievements and existing problems.