市场化与国立大学 ─ 当前日本高等教育改革

Marketization and national university：recent higher education reform in Japan

现代大学从未建立在市场机制的基础上。引入市场机制，包括实施基于评估的财政拨款机制，并没有导致理想的结果，却损害了政府资助和大学自治的逻辑。高等教育系统日益复杂多样，这些变化是由政府促成的。大学必须被赋予更多的自主权，但自治本身并不是解决难题的关键。当前要研究的现实问题就是要寻找出能驾驭这种复杂局面的最佳方案。

The modern university has never established on the basis of the market mechanism. The introduction of market mechanism， including the implementation of the assessment─based funding will not bring on the ideal result to the high education， but destroy the logic of government facility and the logic of university autonomy. High education is become more and more complex and diverse nowadays， and it is the government who drives these trends. In this case， the university needs more autonomy on the self─governance. But the autonomy is not the key to solve the problems. The real question is to find best solutions to manage such complicated situation.