扩招十年来中国普通高校经费收入的变化及解释

Changes in University Income in a Decade of Expansion in China：An Interpretation

1998年以来，中国普通高校的筹资模式发生了巨大变革。中央高校生均总收入稳歩上升，地方高校增长停滞，生均财政拨款趋于下降，两者之间的差异逐歩扩大。地方高校已由”政府投入为主”的模式在现实中演变成”政府和个人投入两为主”的模式。将这种特征置于地区财政能力、公共资源竞争、居民收入以及国际比较的背景下，既可以看到客观、合理的一面，又可以看到不合理的一面。在稳定学费水平的政策规定下，地方高校未来收入的增长空间将主要、也只能依赖财政投入的增加。

The financing mechanism of Chinese general higher education institutions（HEIs） has undergone remarkable changes since 1998. Centrally administrated HEIs have experienced a steady increase in total income per student， while institutions have showed marked decline in unit public funding and continuous widening of such east─west gap in unit funding. The financing mechanism of regional HEIs has changed from “government─based” into “shared between government and student”. This study discussed this change in the context of fiscal capacity， public resource competition and household income in both Chinese and international perspective， and in terms of its both positive and negative aspects. Under the policy of tuition stablisation in China， the prospective income growth of region HEIs still relies on the increase in public investment.