市場經濟與知識經濟時代教師文化的構建──日本與歐美之比較

The Reconstruction of Teacher Culture in the Age of Market Economy and Knowledge Economy

以往，教師是作為國家政治思想及文化傳統的傳播者，而今，在世界市場經濟競爭激烈的形勢下，教師教育的發展已和經濟的發展緊密的聯繫起來，教育被作為促進國家的經濟發展或者說維持國力的重要因素來考慮，教師亦成為影響國民經濟發展的重要社會資源之一。教師教育受到了前所未有的重視。世界各國都在對之進行廣泛而深入的改革。其中，對教師文化的重新演視與構建成為當今日本和歐美教師教育文化的形態特點、發展的新趨勢進行分析和比較，以期對我國教師文化的建設與發展提供借鑒與啟發。

In the situation of intensely competitive market economy the development of teacher education has been closely linked up with the development of economy. The teacher education is receiving unprecedented attention and is reformed intensively and deeply in countries all over the world. The reexamination and reconstruction of teacher culture has become an important research subject in current Japanese， European and American teacher education. In the perspectives of market-economy globalization and knowledge-economy age， this paper makes an analysis of and comparison between Japanese and European， American characteristics and tendencies of teacher culture so as to provide some lessons and revelations for Chinese reconstruction of teacher culture.