现代中国大学制度之肇创、流变与得失--以北大早期建设及其影响为中心

Establishment, Changing and Success and Failure of the University System in Modern China：Centering on the Construction of the Early Peking University and Its Influence

蒋梦麟虽强调＂萧规曹随＂，但其出任北大校长标志着中国现代大学场域的＂美国大学模式＂时代的到来。本文选择早期北大建设为入手处，凸显蔡元培出任校长时借用洪堡大学理念构建的＂德国大学模式＂的普遍意义，既区分德、美模式之不同，更以周鲠生领导的武汉大学建设为例，强调德国模式对现代中国大学具有一定的普遍性影响；进而更深层地揭示出北大改革对现代中国大学制度建设的意义，即这是在蔡元培的整体性教育国家（现代大学）理念支撑下的伦理学学理的体现。

Although Jiang Menglin emphasizes his following of the principles of Cai Yuanpei， his appointment to the rector of Peking University marks a new era of the American model in the field of modern universities in China. The paper， starting from the construction of the early Peking University， highlights the universal meaning of the German model that was constructed by Cai Yuanpei with a reference to the idea of Humboldt. It not only differentiates the German and American models， but also makes an emphasis on the universal influence of the German model on modern universities in China through taking an example of the construction of Wuhan University lead by Zhou Gengsheng. By doing so， it reveals the significance of the reform in Peking University to the construction of China’s modern university systems at a deep level; in other words， it reflects the ethics principles based on Cai’s idea of the Whole Educational State (modern university).