中小学生考试态度与学业成绩、学业自我概念的关系研究

Study on the Relationship between Students’ Attitude toward Examination and Learning Outcome and Academic Self-concept

本研究采用问卷法，针对北京13所小学四至六年级和6所中学初一至高三年级，按整群随机抽样的原则从各年级选取一个班级，共计2433名学生，考察学生考试态度与学业成绩、学业自我概念之间的关系。结果表明：(1)学生的考试态度在不同年级上存在显著差异，随着年级提升，学生对考试的喜欢程度不断下降，不喜欢的程度不断提高；(2)学生的考试态度与学业成绩、学业自我概念都存在显著正相关，喜欢考试的学生的学业成绩和学业自我概念优于不喜欢考试的学生。在研究结果的基础上，本研究对学校考试及管理改革提出建议。

The research adopted the questionnaire method, randomly selecting a sample of 2433 students from grades 4-6 of 13 elementary schools and students of all the six grades of 6 secondary schools in Beijing. It investigated the students’ attitude toward examination and its relationship with learning outcome and academic self-concept. The results show:(1) students’ attitude toward examination of different grades has significant difference, and the extent to which students like examination is decreasing and the extent to which students dislike examination is increasing as the promotion of grades; (2) students’ attitude toward examination has remarkably positive relationship with the learning outcome and the academic self-concept, and students with good attitude always gain better learning outcome and the academic self-concept, and students with good attitude always gain better learning outcome and academic self-concept than those who dislike examination. Based on the results, this paper gives some suggestions on the reforms of school test and administration.