东部沿海发达地区义务教育学段课堂环境的城乡差异研究——以上海、浙江的18所学校为例

On the Urban-Rural Difference in Classroom Environment in Compulsory Education in the Eastern Coastal Developed Districts——Take 18 Schools in Shanghai, Zhejiang Province as Examples

运用《香港课堂环境量表》对东部沿海发达地区的上海、温州、鳌江三地的小学、初中共18个学校789名学生开展了调查，结果表明，在新课改现阶段，东部沿海发达地区课堂环境的现实状况是：（1）学生的满意度是中等偏上，教师的支持和投入高于学生的合作、课堂秩序、学生学习参与；（2）存在显著的城乡差异，在合作、教师参与和教师支持方面都是大城市好于中等城市、中等城市好于乡镇；在秩序和学生参与情况上，大城市好于乡镇，乡镇好于中等城市；（3）可以分成高值、中值、低值三种类型，三种类型在地区上的分布为大城市、中等城市、乡镇依次递减；（4）地区人均GDP是影响课堂环境的一个主要因素。

789 students of Chinese elementary schools and junior high schools in Shanghai， Wenzhou and Aojiang， which are in the eastern coastal developed districts were measured by the questionnaire of Hong Kong Classroom Environment Scale developed by Lee Chi-Kin John， Lee Lai-Mui Frances & Wong Hin-Wah (2003). The result indicates that， in the present stage of curriculum reform， the actual classroom environment in the eastern coastal developed districts are 1) the satisfaction of students is above the average and teacher involvement and support are higher than collaboration， classroom order and student involvement; 2) There are significant difference between urban and rural. In the aspects of collaboration， teacher involvement and support， the big cities are better than the middling cities， the middling cities are better than the counties; as for the classroom order and student involvement， the big cities are better than counties， the counties are better than the middling cities; 3) the three main styles of the actual classroom environment are high one， middle one and low one， which distribute in a descending way in big cities， middling cities and counties; 4) district per capita GDP is a main factor affecting classroom environment.